When Writing Feels Impossible: ADHD, Executive Functioning, and the Essay That Won’t Start
Strategies That Can Help
If your kid has ADHD and struggles with writing, you’re not alone. Many parents have recently reached out for help on this topic, which is what inspired me to pull together some of my thoughts here. Writing is a complex, multi-step process that can be especially challenging for students with ADHD. It requires planning, organizing, sequencing, and prioritizing thoughts — all executive functioning skills that can be difficult to access, especially under stress. Add anxious or negative thoughts into the mix, and it's no wonder the writing process can grind to a halt.
But there are ways to make writing more manageable. Here are a few strategies that can reduce overwhelm and help your kid start (and finish) assignments with more ease.
1. Break Writing Into Manageable Chunks
Start small. Really small.
If outlining an entire essay or chapter is too overwhelming, try outlining just the first paragraph. Even within that, focus on identifying a main idea or jotting down a few related points. The goal is to keep the task from feeling overwhelming. Progress builds confidence.
2. Use a Visual Timer (and Keep Work Time Short)
A visual timer can provide structure and reduce open-ended anxiety. You can use built-in timers on iPads or Macs, or download one of the many visual timer apps. Set a short, focused work period — 25 minutes is a common starting point — followed by a 5-minute break. After a few rounds of this, they get a longer break (e.g., 30 min). This is often called the Pomodoro method, and it’s easily adjustable to suit your child’s needs.
If one chunk feels too hard during that time? Skip it and try another one next round. The goal isn’t perfection or even completion — it’s forward motion.
3. Use One Page or Document Per Paragraph
Looking at a blank page and imagining a whole essay can be discouraging. Consider having your child use a separate document or sheet of paper for each paragraph. Focusing on one small section at a time helps reduce visual overwhelm and the pressure to fill the page.
4. Try Different Ways to Get Ideas Out
If typing feels like a barrier, let your child try handwriting, talking through ideas with someone, or even using a voice recorder to capture thoughts. Sometimes removing the pressure to write in the traditional sense helps unlock ideas and get the creative process moving.
5. Submit Work in Stages
Consider asking the teacher whether your child can submit work in smaller parts, such as an outline first. Some teachers are open to reviewing outlines and helping students flesh out their ideas before a full draft is due.
If the teacher isn’t available for this, a tutor or school learning center might be. Submitting work in stages not only builds momentum, it helps reduce the anxiety that can come from staring down a big assignment all at once.
6. Get support from a tutor or executive function coach
Many of my clients with ADHD report a noticeable improvement in their mood and anxiety once they have consistent support with learning and homework. Managing academic tasks on their own can feel daunting — especially when anxiety, overwhelm, and perfectionism lead to procrastination. This often spirals into negative, insecure thinking that only makes getting started harder.
A skilled tutor or executive function coach can provide structure, accountability, and strategies to help students organize both their thoughts and their time. When it comes to writing, for instance, students might benefit from submitting one paragraph at a time rather than tackling the entire essay at once. Breaking the process down with someone supportive can reduce overwhelm and build momentum.
If your child is open to experimenting with a few of these ideas, they might just find writing a little easier — and a lot less overwhelming. If you're navigating similar challenges, know that you're not alone, and that with the right support, writing can become less overwhelming.
I’d love to hear what’s worked for you or your child — feel free to share your experiences or tips in the comments. Let’s keep learning from one another!